Grzebyk, PatrycjaWang, JiaAsllani, Dorina NdrekaHoffmann, TamásGubrynowicz, AleksanderGórski, MichałStrzępek, Kamila A.Masło, KrzysztofKuczyńska, HannaWierczynska, KarolinaLachowski, TomaszPerkowski, MaciejWaszkiewicz, ArkadiuszZdrójkowski, DawidKarowicz-Bienias, Sylwia AfrodytaPaszek, MartaGrzebyk, Patrycja2023-01-262023-01-262022Grzebyk P., The Communist Crimes : Individual and State Responsibility, Instytut Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości, Warszawa 2022978-83-66344-79-2https://e-bp.inp.pan.pl/handle/123456789/839Communist crimes did not give way to Nazi atrocities, and their scale was much greater. Above all, however, political considerations determined that the Communists did not live up to their Nuremberg. In addition, the prosecution of communist crimes involves a number of legal difficulties, both of a material and procedural nature. The authors of this study hope that they have succeeded in signaling these difficulties and at the same time inspire further research that is necessary and urgent – given the advanced age and criminals and victims who are still waiting for justice.Table of Contents<< s. 7-11 >>Patrycja GrzebykIntroductionIn the World<< s. 15-23 >>Jia WangHow a communist revolution was tried in court? The challenges posed by the trial of former Khmer Rouge leaders at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia<< s. 25-41 >>Dorina Ndreka AsllaniDilemmas in using international law for pursuing communist crimes – the Albanian case<< s. 43-52 >>Tamás HoffmannThe difficulties of prosecuting communist crimes – the Biszku trial in Hungary<< s. 53-78 >>Aleksander GubrynowiczBetween Western tradition and Soviet doctrine: Some remarks on international law’s application by the Hungarian People’s Courts<< s. 79-88 >>Michał GórskiReactivation of a communist party responsible for introducing the totalitarian regime not that obviously unfounded? Comments on the judgment of the ECHR in the case Ignatencu and Romanian Communist Party (RCP) v. RomaniaIn Poland<< s. 91-103 >>Kamil A. StrzępekThe communist crime – general remarks against the background of the K.-H.W. v. Germany case<< s. 105-113 >>Krzysztof MasłoA Polish initiative aimed at establishing an international Tribunal to judge crimes committed by the communists<< s. 115-130 >>Hanna KuczyńskaCriminal responsibility of the Polish Communist Party (PZPR) for so-called “communist crimes”<< s. 131-143 >>Karolina WierczyńskaInternational crimes in the jurisprudence of domestic courts in the light of Polish experience<< s. 145-161 >>Tomasz LachowskiLegislative changes for the abolition of the statute of limitations for the communist crime as an element of initiatives to transform the model of settlements with the communist past in Poland after 2015<< s. 163-177 >>Maciej PerkowskiArkadiusz WaszkiewiczVictims of the “New Deal” – Polish Independence Underground in the years 1944–1963 in the light of the then international law<< s. 179-200 >>Dawid ZdrójkowskiThe criminal trial of Adam Karol Tyczyński as an example of an unsettled judicial crime<< s. 201-215 >>Sylwia Afrodyta Karowicz-Bienias“Running away from Themis” – powerlessness of Polish authorities concerning extradition of Stefan Michnik<< s. 217-229 >>Marta PaszekCrime and no punishment. The responsibility of military judges for communist judicial crimes as illustrated by the example of the case of Anna Krużołekenzbrodnie komunistycznezbrodnie wojenneludobójstwoodpowiedzialność prawnomiędzynarodowakomunizmprawa człowiekazbrodnie sądowekaranieBook